Final answer:
Recall bias occurs due to various factors such as personal feelings, stereotypes, and social pressure. It can lead to distorted memories, as seen in examples like the Bradley effect and confirmation bias.
Step-by-step explanation:
Recall bias occurs when memories are influenced by biases or distortions. This can happen due to various reasons such as personal feelings, stereotypes, or social pressure. For example, in the 1982 California gubernatorial race, the Bradley effect occurred when white voters were unlikely to admit bias against the black candidate, Tom Bradley, leading to poll results overestimating support for Bradley. Another example is confirmation bias, where people tend to search for and remember information that confirms their existing beliefs, leading to distorted memories.