Final answer:
The peak in human population growth refers to the fastest rate of increase, which has been exponential since around 1800 AD. Although the global average growth rate was 1.2% in 2015, it varies dramatically between nations. The growth rate has slowed slightly but still results in significant population increase, with the world population recently surpassing 7 billion and nearing 8 billion.
Step-by-step explanation:
The peak in human population growth refers to the highest rate at which the human population increases. Historically, this growth has experienced various rates across different time periods and locations. Analyzing population data since 1000 AD, it's evident that human population growth has been exponential. Particularly, it is observed that regions such as Asia with many economically underdeveloped countries have a higher growth rate compared to more economically developed regions like Europe.
Population growth dynamics can be better understood by examining figures like the one described in Figure 45.14. This growth is attributed to factors like technological advancements, improved healthcare, and nutrition which led to lower mortality rates, thereby enabling faster population increases. Despite a global average growth rate of 1.2 percent in 2015, rates varied significantly from nation to nation.
The human population began to grow at an unprecedented rate a few centuries ago, reaching 1 billion around 1800 AD and then soaring past 7 billion. While exponential growth continues, the rate has slowed slightly, but the population still grows significantly, surpassing 7 billion recently and approaching the 8 billion mark. This growth pattern establishes a clear distinction between different stages of demographic transitions among nations and unveils insights into potential socio-economic impacts.