Final answer:
Variation in art is the inclusion of diverse elements that contrast with one another, while unity is the sense of harmony within the artwork. Effective art often balances both, creating a visually and conceptually cohesive experience that still engages the viewer with contrasting details.
Step-by-step explanation:
Variation in art refers to the use of different visual elements to create interest, contrast, and complexity within a work. This concept is counterbalanced by unity, which is the sense that all components of the artwork fit together harmoniously to create a cohesive whole. The principle of variety is demonstrated when an artist uses diverse lines, colors, patterns, scales, and textures to invoke different feelings and meanings. On the other hand, unity might be achieved through similar color schemes or repeating patterns that tie the various parts of the artwork together, giving viewers a sense of completeness and pleasure.
For example, the use of repetition in a piece might imply a pattern, which contributes to the unity of the work. Employing different styles or colors can add variety, enhancing interest and engagement. A work can be visually unified but still possess variety to provoke awareness and change in perception. Ultimately, the balance between unity and variety is crucial in determining the aesthetic quality and impact of an artwork.