Final answer:
Angiotensin II increases ECF volume by stimulating aldosterone and ADH release and by triggering thirst, leading to increased blood volume and pressure.
Step-by-step explanation:
Angiotensin II produces a coordinated elevation in the extracellular fluid (ECF) volume by several mechanisms: stimulating thirst, causing the release of the antidiuretic hormone (ADH), and triggering the production and secretion of aldosterone. Specifically, it prompts aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex, which then encourages the kidneys to reabsorb sodium. Because water follows sodium, this leads to an increase in water reabsorption and, subsequently, an increase in blood volume and pressure. Additionally, angiotensin II activates the thirst center in the hypothalamus, resulting in increased fluid consumption. Finally, by stimulating the release of ADH, it leads to the retention of water in the kidneys. Therefore, the coordinated actions of these mechanisms accomplish the regulation of ECF volume, making answer (e) correct: A, B, and C.