Final answer:
Romeo learns about the Capulet ball by reading the guest list for an illiterate servant of the Capulets, which leads to the fateful meeting with Juliet in Shakespeare's play.
Step-by-step explanation:
Romeo finds out about the Capulet ball when he reads the invitation list for an illiterate Capulet servant. This small act of kindness leads to Romeo learning about the ball and therefore attending it, where he ultimately meets Juliet, setting the stage for the tragic love story written by William Shakespeare. In Romeo and Juliet, Shakespeare explores themes of love, fate, and the consequences of hatred between two feuding families, which all comes to a climax in the heartbreaking ending where the two young lovers perish.