Final answer:
The answer is C) High socioeconomic status. Other factors like genetic predisposition, prenatal exposure to infections, and childhood trauma have been shown to increase the risk of developing schizophrenia, but high socioeconomic status is not typically associated with a higher risk of this mental illness.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the question is C) High socioeconomic status. Factors that are associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia include genetic predisposition, prenatal exposure to infections, and childhood trauma, but not high socioeconomic status. Studies have shown that a genetic predisposition can significantly increase the chances of developing schizophrenia, especially when combined with environmental stressors such as being raised in a disturbed family environment. Prenatal exposure to infections has also been linked with an increased likelihood of the offspring developing schizophrenia. Childhood trauma is another factor that can contribute to the development of this mental illness.
One significant study by Tienari et al. found that, of adoptees whose biological mothers had schizophrenia and who were raised in disturbed family environments, 36.8% were likely to develop schizophrenia. This research supports the understanding that there is an interaction between genes and environment in the emergence of schizophrenia. Additionally, regional patterns indicate that schizophrenia is not predominantly associated with higher socioeconomic status but is more related to genetic and environmental factors.