Final answer:
Gas chromatography is an analytical technique that separates substances based on their relative volatility. It uses a stationary phase and a mobile phase to separate and analyze the components of a mixture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gas chromatography is an analytical technique that separates substances based on their relative volatility. Volatile substances have low boiling points and weak intermolecular interactions, while nonvolatile substances have high boiling points and strong intermolecular interactions. Gas chromatography uses a stationary phase and a mobile phase to separate and analyze the different components of a mixture based on their volatility. The more volatile components will move faster through the column, resulting in their separation.