Final answer:
Centralized authority offers increased efficiency, rapid decision-making, and less duplication of work. These advantages result from streamlined organizational structures and clear responsibilities leading to quicker and more coordinated efforts.
Step-by-step explanation:
The advantages of centralized authority include A) Increased efficiency and D) Rapid decision-making. In systems with centralized authority, decisions are made quickly since they do not require the consensus of many individuals or departments. This leads to increased efficiency as the organizational structure is streamlined, with clear hierarchies and minimal layers of bureaucracy, reducing the time taken for decision-making processes. Additionally, with centralized decision-making, there is typically C) Less duplication of work since tasks and responsibilities are clearly defined and centralized, reducing redundancy and the possibility of multiple departments working on the same tasks without coordination.