Final answer:
Engaging in risk-taking behavior is not considered a developmental task of middle adulthood. Middle adulthood typically focuses on generativity, responsibility, and reflection on life's accomplishments, in contrast to the exploration and risk-taking prevalent in earlier life stages.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to the developmental tasks of middle adulthood, a concept often discussed within the field of psychology, particularly in the context of Erik Erikson's stages of psychosocial development. Among the options listed, option D: Engaging in risk-taking behavior, is not typically considered a developmental task of middle adulthood. Middle adulthood is characterized by a focus on generativity versus stagnation, where individuals seek to contribute to the next generation and reflect on the meaningfulness of their life's work. Established developmental tasks during this period include taking stock of one's accomplishments, reassessing commitments to various aspects of life such as family and work, using one's accumulated power ethically, and dealing with events like parental illness and death.
In contrast, engaging in risk-taking behavior is not a normative task during this stage of life. Instead, this period is often associated with increasing responsibility, stability, and reflection on one's contributions to society and family. Risk-taking behavior is more often associated with earlier developmental stages, such as adolescence or early adulthood, where exploring boundaries and identity formation are key developmental tasks.