Final answer:
In band level societies, conflict can arise from competition for scarce resources. Leadership in these societies is situational and decisions are made through consensus. Social structure in larger centralized societies is viewed as inherently unequal by conflict theorists.
Step-by-step explanation:
In band level societies, conflict can arise due to competition for scarce resources. Villagers in some regions were usually at war with their neighbors, while in others they were not, which can be explained by differences in local ecological conditions. However, mortal conflict is not a constant feature in primeval society and many groups live at peace with their neighbors for long periods.
In band societies, leadership is situational and temporary, and decisions are made using discussion and consensus. Extended family structures and/or councils are often used to organize leadership, decision-making, and conflict resolution in tribal societies, which are larger than bands.
In larger centralized societies, such as chiefdoms and states, various forms of power are condensed in the formal hereditary role of the leader. Conflict theorists view social structure as inherently unequal, based on power differentials related to issues like class, gender, race, and age.