Final answer:
The subpubic angle is larger in females (greater than 80 degrees) than in males (less than 70 degrees) and is a significant characteristic used to distinguish between the sexes. The pelvis has several notable differences such as the pelvic brim, lesser pelvic cavity, and pelvic outlet, which are adapted in females for the process of childbirth.
Step-by-step explanation:
When examining the characteristics of the pelvis, the subpubic angle is a key feature used to determine sexual dimorphism between males and females. In females, due to adaptations for childbirth, the subpubic angle is larger (greater than 80 degrees) compared to males where it is typically less than 70 degrees. This angle is formed by the convergence of the right and left ischiopubic rami at the pubic symphysis, creating an inverted V-shape. The female pelvis is also broader, with a rounder pelvic brim, and a more shallow lesser pelvic cavity than the male pelvis. These physical differences are crucial for accommodating childbirth. The subpubic angle, among other characteristics such as pelvic weight, pelvic inlet shape, and pelvic outlet shape, can be found in references like Table 8.1 that outline these distinctions between genders. The broader sciatic notch, wider and shorter sacrum, and distance between the anterior superior iliac spines are additional markers that differentiate the female from the male pelvis. Thus, the pelvis provides valuable insights into biological sex determination due to its morphological differences.