Final answer:
Music can evoke emotional responses such as happiness, sadness, and fear, and these responses can be considered cultural universals. The three types of responses to music include emotional, physical, and intellectual reactions.
Step-by-step explanation:
Music indeed has the power to elicit a range of emotional responses in listeners. A study conducted by Fritz et al. in 2009 with Mafa tribal members who were exposed to Western music for the first time revealed that, despite having no prior context, they could identify three fundamental emotions in the music: happiness, sadness, and fear.
This finding suggests that certain musical cues may be considered cultural universals, transcending different cultures and backgrounds.
The types of responses to music are typically emotional, physical, and intellectual. Emotionally, music can evoke feelings like joy or sorrow. Physically, certain rhythms or beats might encourage actions like dancing or relaxation. Intellectually, music can provoke thoughts or stimulate a critique of its structure or the proficiency of its performance. As an art form, music resonates with listeners on various levels, often regardless of their cultural background.