Final answer:
Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660, which marked the end of the English Republic and the reestablishment of the monarchy. His reign also emphasized the expansion of England’s overseas possessions, notably in North America.
Step-by-step explanation:
Charles II and the Restoration
When discussing the period known as the Restoration in English history, we refer specifically to the event when Charles II was restored to the throne in 1660 after the interregnum that followed the English Civil War. Upon his return, both houses of Parliament and the Anglican Church were re-established. The reign of Charles II, which succeeded the austere rule of Oliver Cromwell, was marked by more extravagant and less stringent policies. Charles II's ascent to the throne marked the end of a republican England and reestablished the monarchy, which is why it is said that he was 'restored' even though he had not previously ruled.
During his reign, Charles II focused on expanding England's overseas possessions, including the establishment of several colonies in North America, known as the Restoration colonies. His actions heavily influenced the growth and shaping of future British Empire.