Final answer:
The anaerobic glycolytic energy system, or Embden-Meyerhof pathway, breaks down glucose without oxygen to generate ATP and NADH, leading to a net gain of ATP. It is essential during high-intensity activities when the body's demand for oxygen exceeds supply, resulting in increased lactic acid production and muscle fatigue.
Step-by-step explanation:
Anaerobic Glycolytic Energy System
The anaerobic glycolytic energy system, also known as the Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP), is a process where glucose is broken down in the absence of oxygen to generate energy.
It consists of a series of biochemical reactions divided into two phases: the Preparatory phase and the Energy yielding phase. During the Preparatory phase, glucose is converted into two molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, which is an energy-consuming process.
The Energy yielding phase generates ATP and NADH, resulting in a net gain of ATP, which is utilized by cells as a quick source of energy.
Anaerobic exercise involves high-intensity activities where the body's demand for oxygen exceeds the oxygen supply available. This condition leads to anaerobic glycolysis where the production of lactic acid increases, leading to muscle fatigue experienced during vigorous exercise.
During anaerobic glycolysis, pyruvate from glycolysis can be transformed into lactic acid or other fermentation end products, allowing glycolysis to continue and regenerate NAD* required for further ATP production.
It's essential to note that glycolysis is an anaerobic process and can occur without the presence of oxygen, making it a critical source of ATP production during short, high-intensity activities.
The Krebs cycle and electron transport chain, however, require oxygen and generate a greater yield of ATP when compared to glycolysis alone.