Final answer:
The "dry-nosed" primates are referred to as Haplorhini, which include tarsiers, New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans. These primates are characterized by their reliance on vision, diurnal lifestyles, and the necessity to include vitamin C in their diet.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primate group known as the "dry-nosed" primates is the Haplorhini. These primates have a simpler nasal structure than their counterparts, the Strepsirrhini or "wet-nosed" primates. Haplorhini includes tarsiers, as well as simians - the New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, apes, and humans. In comparison to the Strepsirrhini, the Haplorhini primates generally exhibit diurnal behaviors, rely more heavily on vision than olfaction, and, unlike strepsirrhines, cannot manufacture their own vitamin C, needing to obtain it through their diets. The Haplorhini is further categorized into two infraorders, Simiiformes (monkeys and apes) and Tarsiiformes (tarsiers). Among the Simiiformes, the Platyrrhini are New World monkeys found in Central and South America, characterized by their prehensile tails, while the Catarrhini include both the Old World monkeys and apes—distinguished by narrow, downward-facing nostrils and, in the case of apes and humans, an absence of tails.