Final answer:
Cave Art, a Lunar Calendar, and Notational systems are traits associated with societies during the Upper Paleolithic period, reflecting the advanced culture and the development of early forms of art, timekeeping, and communication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The three characteristics mentioned in the question: Cave Art, a Lunar Calendar, and Notational systems, are traits that are associated with the societies during the Upper Paleolithic period. This era is marked by advanced stone tool technology and the development of modern cultural behaviors, including the creation of cave paintings, lunar calendars, and early forms of writing or symbols.
Paleolithic cave paintings, such as those found in Lascaux caves and other sites, are some of the earliest known forms of human art. They often depict animals and use abstract signs, which might have been used to communicate or represent spiritual beliefs. The creation of a lunar calendar indicates an understanding of the passage of time and could have been used for agricultural or ritual purposes. Meanwhile, the development of notational systems suggests an early attempt at structured communication, possibly laying the groundwork for written language.
These discoveries highlight the cognitive advancements during the Paleolithic era, demonstrating that humans already had a capacity for symbolic thought and complex forms of expression tens of thousands of years ago.