Final answer:
Humans and New World monkeys do not have the same dental formula; New World monkeys often have a dental formula of 2.1.3.3 or 2.1.3.2, while humans have a dental formula of 2.1.2.3.
Step-by-step explanation:
No, humans and New World monkeys do not have the same dental formula. New World monkeys, which include species like tamarins and marmosets, evolved in South America and carry a dental formula typically different from that of humans. For instance, a common dental formula for New World monkeys is 2.1.3.3 or 2.1.3.2, meaning they usually have two incisors, one canine, three premolars, and three or two molars in each quadrant of their upper and lower jaws. Humans, part of the catarrhine group which evolved in Africa, have a dental formula of 2.1.2.3. This indicates two incisors, one canine, two premolars, and three molars in each quadrant, reflective of an omnivorous diet that includes a large amount of processed food and a history of cooked food consumption, influencing a reduction in teeth and jaw size compared to other apes.