Question

Margaret Mead profiled the temperament of men and women among the?

Answer 1

Margaret Mead profiled the temperament of men and women among the Arapesh, Mundugumor, and Tchambuli cultural groups in New Guinea, highlighting cultural influences on gender.

Step-by-step explanation:

Margaret Mead describes the temperament of men and women among the Arapesh, Mundugumor, and Tchambuli cultural groups in New Guinea.

In her book Sex and Temperament, she describes how the Arapesh and Mundugumor considered men and women to be temperamentally similar, while the Tchambuli believed men and women to be temperamentally different.

Mead's research challenged the assumption that gendered behaviors are solely grounded in biological differences and highlighted the influence of culture on gender.

Answer 2

Margaret Mead's research in New Guinea cultures revealed the Arapesh and Mundugumor societies viewed men and women with similar temperaments, whereas Tchambuli viewed them as temperamentally different, with men seen as neurotic and women as powerful.

Step-by-step explanation:

Margaret Mead, a cultural anthropologist, profiled the temperament of men and women among several societies in New Guinea. She is well-known for her fieldwork which brought to light the cultural constructs of gender and temperament in the Arapesh, Mundugumor, and Tchambuli (or Chambri) tribes. Her research, outlined in her 1935 book Sex and Temperament in Three Primitive Societies, challenged the notion that gender behaviors are innate and biologically predetermined. Mead found that the Arapesh culture expected both men and women to be cooperative and gentle, with little distinction in temperament. Conversely, in the Mundugumor society, both genders were seen as competitive, aggressive, and violent. In stark contrast, Tchambuli culture featured a reverse of the Western gender roles: men were perceived to be neurotic and superficial, while women were considered to be relaxed, happy, and powerful. Despite criticism, Mead's findings on the cultural influences on gender have been substantiated by subsequent anthropological research.