Final answer:
The statement changes the levels of the factor to 'yes' and 'no'. The code does not alter the data type, the length of the vector, or the case of the values. The correct option is B) Levels of the factor to 'yes' and 'no'.
Step-by-step explanation:
The R code snippet provided in the question:
x <- factor(c('yes', 'yes', 'no', 'yes', 'no'), levels = c('yes', 'no'))
is commonly used in data analysis to convert a character vector into a factor, which is a data structure used for categorical data. The factor function in R is used to encode a vector as a factor, and it takes at least one argument, which is the vector itself, with an optional 'levels' argument specifies the order of the levels within the factor.
When we evaluate the code provided, we see that:
- B) Levels of the factor to 'yes' and 'no': By specifying levels = c('yes', 'no'), we are setting the levels of the factor explicitly. This does not change the actual data in the vector but provides metadata that defines the possible values the factor can take.
The correct option is B) as the function factor is used here to establish the levels of the factor 'x' to 'yes' and 'no'. This operation does not change the data type to character (A), the length of the vector (C), nor does it alter the case of the values in the vector (D). If we were to print 'x' after running this line of code, we would see the structure of a factor with the specified levels 'yes' and 'no'.