Final answer:
The efficiency of an irrigation system is measured by how much water is actually used for irrigation. Drip irrigation is highly efficient at 90% compared to overhead sprinklers at 65%. Efficient water use and conservation are vital for sustainable agriculture.
Step-by-step explanation:
Efficiency of Irrigation Systems:
The question refers to the efficiency of irrigation systems, specifically how well they deliver water for their intended purpose without waste. Drip irrigation systems are highly efficient, with a reported efficiency rate of 90%, meaning that 90% of the water they deliver is used for irrigation, with minimal loss to evaporation or runoff. In contrast, conventional overhead sprinklers have a lower efficiency rate of 65%, indicating that a greater proportion of water is lost to factors like evaporation and wind.
Efficient water use in agriculture is crucial since 70% of water used by humans globally is for agricultural purposes. Innovative conservation strategies, such as the use of fertigation in Israel, improve water efficiency and help in the sustainable management of water resources. Additionally, efficient irrigation is essential in regions with high water withdrawal rates to ensure the long-term availability of water.
Water Conservation and Irrigation:
Water conservation techniques in agriculture include selecting crop types that are appropriate for regional rainfall, efficient irrigation systems like drip irrigation, and soil management practices like no-till farming. These methodologies not only conserve water but also address soil degradation, ensuring agriculture remains sustainable.