Final answer:
Tartar, also known as dental calculus, is the calcified form of dental plaque that becomes bonded to tooth enamel. Regular oral hygiene and professional dental cleanings are necessary to prevent and remove tartar, which can lead to dental caries and other oral health issues if left untreated.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term tartar, in the context of dental health, refers to a condition where dental calculus, which is a form of calcified plaque, accumulates on the teeth. This buildup is essentially a hardened version of plaque, which happens when the biofilm, mainly composed of food debris, protein, and bacteria, becomes mineralized by the calcium in saliva. Dental tartar creates a strong bond with tooth enamel and can lead to various oral health issues, including dental caries (cavities) and gingivitis, if not removed.
Good dental hygiene practices, including regular brushing and flossing, are necessary to prevent the formation of plaque that can lead to tartar accumulation. Routine dental check-ups and cleanings are crucial as professional tools are required for tartar removal. These practices, combined with a diet low in sugars that feed the cariogenic bacteria like Streptococcus mutans, help maintain overall oral health and prevent the progression of dental caries and other complications such as enamel erosion.