Final answer:
The U.S. solicitor general represents the federal government before the Supreme Court, decides cases to appeal, files petitions and briefs, and often presents oral arguments.
Step-by-step explanation:
The U.S. solicitor general plays a pivotal role as the representative of the federal government before the Supreme Court. This multifaceted role involves crucial functions such as selecting cases for appeal from lower courts, preparing and filing legal documents, and frequently presenting oral arguments in front of the Supreme Court. The solicitor general's influence extends beyond direct involvement in cases; they can also intervene or provide comments as a third party in cases where the U.S. is not a direct party.
The solicitor general's significant role in shaping legal arguments and influencing case selection has led to their colloquial designation as "the tenth justice," underscoring their impact on the Supreme Court's decision-making process and their unique position in the U.S. legal system.