Question

The nurse assesses a client with cirrhosis and finds 4+ pitting edema of the feet and legs, and massive ascites. Which mechanism contributes to edema and ascites in clients with cirrhosis?

a. Hypoalbuminemia that results in a decreased colloidal oncotic pressure.
b. Hyperaldosteronism causing an increased sodium reabsorption in renal tubules.
c. Decreased renin-angiotensin response related to an increase in renal blood flow.
d. Decreased portacaval pressure with greater collateral circulation.

Answer 1

Edema and ascites in clients with cirrhosis are primarily caused by hypoalbuminemia, which leads to a decrease in colloidal oncotic pressure and the accumulation of fluid.

Step-by-step explanation:

Edema and ascites in clients with cirrhosis are primarily caused by hypoalbuminemia, which results in a decreased colloidal oncotic pressure. This decrease in plasma proteins leads to a decrease in colloid osmotic pressure in the capillaries, causing water to move from the blood to the surrounding tissues and resulting in edema. Additionally, the retention of water and sodium due to hyperaldosteronism can contribute to the development of edema and ascites in cirrhosis patients.

In summary, the primary mechanism contributing to edema and ascites in clients with cirrhosis is hypoalbuminemia, which reduces colloidal oncotic pressure, resulting in the accumulation of fluid.