Final answer:
Glaucoma can lead to optic nerve damage due to the buildup of intraocular pressure when the eye's fluid circulation is blocked. Regular pressure testing is essential for early detection and management, especially for those above 40 years of age.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Glaucoma and Intraocular Pressure
Glaucoma is a condition caused by the buildup of fluid pressure in the eye, known as intraocular pressure. Normally, intraocular pressure ranges from 12.0 to 24.0 mm Hg which helps maintain the eye's shape. However, when the circulation of fluid in the eye is blocked, pressure can increase to abnormal levels, potentially reaching 85.0 mm Hg. This excessive pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve, leading to vision impairment or loss. Regular testing for intraocular pressure, especially in individuals over 40, is crucial for detecting and managing glaucoma. Testing often involves measuring the force needed to indent the (anesthetized) eye, a process that can indicate if intraocular pressure is higher than normal.