Final answer:
Cultural behavior refers to learned actions and values within a society, while non-cultural behavior includes innate actions. Culture is acquired both deliberately and non-deliberately, and cultural practices can influence biological processes. Understanding material and nonmaterial culture aids in recognizing the diversity and similarities when encountering different cultures.
Step-by-step explanation:
To distinguish between cultural behavior and non-cultural behavior, we need to understand that cultural behavior encompasses actions, practices, and values that are learned and shared within a social group. Non-cultural behavior, on the other hand, often refers to innate or biological actions not influenced by culture. For example, reflex actions or biological processes such as breathing are non-cultural behaviors.
People acquire culture both deliberately, through education and socialization, and non-deliberately, through imitation and unconscious assimilation. Deliberate cultural acquisition includes learning a language or customs, while nondeliberate acquisition might include picking up behavioral norms through observation without formal instruction.
Cultural practices can shape biological processes. For instance, dietary customs can affect metabolism and nutrition, and the social emphasis on certain sports can lead to physical adaptations within a culture. Such processes are examples of how the environment, influenced by culture, can shape biological aspects of life.
Material and Nonmaterial Culture
In exploring material culture, we encounter physical objects like smartphones, clothing, and architecture, which facilitate our interactions and reflect economic and technological aspects of society. Nonmaterial culture includes beliefs, language, and social norms, like how appropriate attire is understood for different occasions. For instance, wearing a suit for a job interview reflects the nonmaterial cultural norm of professionalism.
Lastly, when we encounter different cultures, we become aware of both differences and commonalities. Travel exposes us to varied practices, such as conversational etiquette and personal space norms, enriching our understanding of the diverse ways of life around the globe.