Final answer:
Prosimians are smaller, nocturnal primates with relatively smaller brains. Monkeys are diurnal, highly social, and have tails. Apes are larger, tailless primates with advanced cognitive abilities. Hominoids, including humans, are characterized by bipedalism, increased brain size, and an opposable thumb.
Step-by-step explanation:
Prosimians:
- Nocturnal: Prosimians tend to be active during the night.
- Smaller size: Prosimians are generally smaller in size compared to anthropoids.
- Relatively smaller brains: Prosimians have smaller brains compared to anthropoids.
Monkeys:
- Diurnal: Monkeys are active during the day.
- Highly social: Monkeys live in large social groups.
- Tail: Monkeys typically have a tail.
Apes:
- Large body size: Apes are larger in size compared to monkeys.
- No tail: Apes do not have a tail.
- Advanced cognitive abilities: Apes have a higher level of cognitive abilities compared to monkeys.
Hominoids:
- Bipedalism: Hominoids, including humans, walk on two limbs instead of four.
- Increased brain size: Hominoids, especially humans, have larger brains relative to other primates.
- Opposable thumb: Hominoids have a thumb that can touch the other fingers, allowing for a powerful grip.