Final answer:
The Linnaean system of classification, created by Carolus Linnaeus, categorizes species based on anatomical similarities. It places humans in the Animal Kingdom as Homo sapiens and organizes life in a hierarchical structure including the levels of kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
Step-by-step explanation:
The classification system referred to in the question is known as the Linnaean system of classification, developed by Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century. This system categorizes plant and animal species based on anatomical similarities and provides a hierarchy that includes levels such as kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. In this system, humans are classified as Homo sapiens, which places us within the kingdom Animalia, the phylum Chordata, the class Mammalia, the order Primates, and the family Hominidae. Linnaeus's system is foundational to modern taxonomy and biological anthropology, helping scientists to understand the diversity of life and the evolutionary relationships between organisms.