Final answer:
The given statement "There have been no civil rights movements in Brazil" is False. Brazil saw the abolition of slavery in 1888, which was a major civil rights achievement, and has experienced other movements advocating for various rights, including recent racial equality movements. Option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement is false. Brazil, like many other countries, has had its struggles and movements aimed at securing civil rights for various groups within its population.
One of the noteworthy movements was the fight to abolish slavery. Brazil was the last country in the Americas to abolish slavery, which it did in 1888 without a civil war, yet through a series of socio-political developments influenced by the changing economy.
Particularly the shift from sugar cane plantations to coffee cultivation, and the impact of the War of the Triple Alliance.
Moreover, Brazil has seen other civil rights movements throughout its history, including those advocating for workers' rights, indigenous rights, and more recently, movements such as Black Lives Matter, addressing racial inequality and violence against Black Brazilians.
Hence, the statement is False. Option B.