Final answer:
The spleen is the abdominal organ that filters erythrocytes and activates lymphocytes. It filters blood, removes unwanted red blood cells, detects viruses and bacteria, and triggers the release of pathogen-fighting cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The spleen is the abdominal organ that filters erythrocytes and activates lymphocytes. It is the largest secondary lymphoid organ located in the upper abdomen and functions as a filter for the blood. The spleen removes unwanted red blood cells and filters pathogens, triggering the release of pathogen-fighting cells. In addition, the spleen is involved in immune responses to blood-borne pathogens.