Final answer:
Article III of the U.S. Constitution establishes that the Supreme Court has both original and appellate jurisdiction, with the power of judicial review essential for interpreting the Constitution and resolving conflicts between federal and state laws.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Article III of the United States Constitution, the Supreme Court has the authority to hear cases and make decisions about them, which is known as jurisdiction. The Constitution defines the Supreme Court's jurisdiction to include original jurisdiction and appellate jurisdiction. The Supreme Court's original jurisdiction is limited to certain types of cases, such as disputes between states, and cases involving foreign ambassadors or ministers. For the majority of cases, the Supreme Court functions under appellate jurisdiction, hearing appeals from lower courts and potentially changing those decisions. The judicial power granted to the Supreme Court also includes the significant ability to interpret the Constitution and federal laws, through what is known as the power of judicial review, which is pivotal in the event of conflicts between federal and state laws.