Question

What is the primary target of quinolones and fluoroquinolones in bacterial cells?

A) Cell wall synthesis
B) DNA replication and repair
C) Protein synthesis
D) Cytoplasmic membrane function

Answer 1

Fluoroquinolones primarily target bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair, inhibiting their activity and preventing bacterial growth and replication.

Step-by-step explanation:

Fluoroquinolones, such as ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, primarily target bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair. These drugs inhibit the activity of DNA gyrase, preventing DNA unwinding and replication, which ultimately stops bacterial growth and replication. While they are most effective against Gram-negative bacteria, they can also be effective against some Gram-positive and anaerobic bacteria.