Final answer:
Gallstones, also known as cholelithiasis, are solid particles that form in the gallbladder due to accumulation of cholesterol. They can cause pain and jaundice.
Step-by-step explanation:
Gallstones, also known as cholelithiasis, are solid particles that form in the gallbladder when cholesterol accumulates in large amounts. They are composed mostly of cholesterol, along with calcium salts, glycerophospholipids, and fatty acids. Small gallstones can pass through the bile duct and be excreted, but larger ones can get stuck and cause pain. If a gallstone blocks the bile duct, it can cause jaundice, which leads to a yellow color in the skin and white eyes.