Final answer:
Encryption provides confidentiality by converting data into a secret code that only authorized individuals can access.
Step-by-step explanation:
Confidentiality is provided by encryption. Encryption is the process of converting data into a secret code that cannot be easily understood by unauthorized users. It ensures that only authorized individuals can access and read the information.
On the other hand, decryption is the process of converting the encrypted data back into its original form. While decryption is necessary to access the information, it does not provide confidentiality on its own.
Hashing is a cryptographic technique that generates a fixed-size unique string for a given input. It is primarily used for data integrity and verification, not for confidentiality. Lastly, key management refers to the processes and procedures involved in generating, distributing, and storing encryption keys.