Final answer:
The burning of excessive fossil fuels, as indicated is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect and global warming. the correct option is (d).
Step-by-step explanation:
The burning of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and natural gas, releases greenhouse gases (e.g., carbon dioxide, methane) into the atmosphere. These gases trap heat and contribute to the greenhouse effect, leading to global warming and climate change.
Option A (the conservation of national forests) is generally beneficial for the environment as forests act as carbon sinks, absorbing carbon dioxide. Option B (decreasing air pollution from cars and buses) is also positive, as it reduces local air pollution, although it may not directly address greenhouse gas emissions. Option C (lessening carbon emissions) is a positive action against global warming.
However, option D (the burning of too much fossil fuel) is the activity that exacerbates the greenhouse effect and contributes significantly to global warming by increasing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
The burning of excessive fossil fuels, as indicated in option D, is a major contributor to the greenhouse effect and global warming.