Final answer:
The chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)2, which is a compound used in antacids and laxatives. It forms magnesium and hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
Step-by-step explanation:
The chemical formula for magnesium hydroxide is Mg(OH)2. Magnesium hydroxide is an inorganic compound composed of one magnesium ion (Mg2+) and two hydroxide ions (OH-). This substance is commonly found in antacids, such as milk of magnesia, and also serves as a laxative. When dissolved in water, magnesium hydroxide undergoes a dissociation to form magnesium and hydroxide ions. Magnesium hydroxide's low solubility makes it less hazardous than other hydroxides and suitable for medicinal use. Additionally, in reactions with acids, it produces a salt, like magnesium chloride, and water. An example reaction is Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + 2H2O(l).