Final answer:
The correct statements about tornadoes are (b) 'About 75 percent of all tornadoes occur in the United States' and (c) 'Most tornadoes are short-lived, lasting only minutes'. Statement (a) is incorrect as tornado damage paths are often narrower than 10 miles wide. Thus, the answer is (d) 'Only (b) and (c) are correct'.
Step-by-step explanation:
Understanding Tornadoes
Tornadoes are violent and destructive weather events known for their high winds and potential for extensive damage. The statement (b) 'About 75 percent of all tornadoes occur in the United States' is correct, reflecting the disproportionate number of tornadoes that occur in the central United States, particularly in an area known as Tornado Alley. Additionally, the statement (c) 'Most tornadoes are short-lived, lasting only minutes' also accurately describes the typical duration of a tornado. However, statement (a) regarding the damage path of a tornado being typically 10 miles wide and 30 miles long is inaccurate. Tornado damage paths can be highly variable and are often narrower than 10 miles wide. Therefore, the answer is (d) 'Only (b) and (c) are correct.'
Tornadoes form from supercells, which are severer thunderstorms that feature a rotating column of air. Their destructive power comes from extremely high wind speeds, which can reach up to 500 km/h (approximately 300 miles/h). These natural phenomena are perfect examples of rotational motion and can cause significant damage, such as blowing away houses and piercing tree trunks with straw. Understanding these characteristics is vital for safety and preparedness in areas prone to tornadoes.