Final answer:
The Declaration of Independence asserts the right to alter or abolish oppressive government but emphasizes the importance of prudence and enduring sufferable evils rather than seeking radical change quickly. Asserting this right is based on Enlightenment principles and John Locke's theories, suggesting changes should be measured and in response to sustained abuses.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the Declaration of Independence argues that men are quick to throw off an offensive government is false. The Declaration, a reflection of Enlightenment principles, does state that it is the right of the people to alter or abolish a government that becomes destructive to their unalienable rights. However, it also emphasizes that such a decision should not be taken lightly, acknowledging that people are more likely to endure sufferable evils rather than pursuing radical change. This viewpoint is grounded in the idea that stability is preferable to frequent revolutions, and changes to government should be made with prudence.
The philosophical underpinnings of the Declaration owe much to the theories of John Locke, affirming the idea that governmental power is derived from the consent of the governed and that the primary role of government is to secure the natural rights of its citizens. If a government fails in this fundamental duty, it is not only the right but also the duty of the people to institute a new government that better ensures their safety and happiness.
Therefore, the correct answer to the question is false; while the Declaration does acknowledge the right to overthrow an oppressive government, it does not suggest that men are quick to do so, rather it suggests that such actions should be taken as a measured response to prolonged abuses.