Final answer:
Tolkien creates a sense of a real world with real landmarks and a real history through maps, firsthand accounts, and connections to the present.
Step-by-step explanation:
Tolkien creates a sense of a real world with real landmarks and a real history through various techniques in his writing. One way he achieves this is by including maps prominently in each chapter, which helps to frame world cultures in their geographic and historical context.
These maps provide visual representations of real landmarks and regions, making the world feel tangible and grounded.
In addition, Tolkien incorporates firsthand accounts of key people and events, presenting different perspectives and recollections that add depth and complexity to the history of his world. This technique mirrors how real history is often shaped by multiple viewpoints and interpretations.
Furthermore, Tolkien highlights connections between the past and the present, emphasizing how earlier knowledge applies to the world he has created. By drawing parallels and linking his fictional history to real-world experiences, Tolkien enhances the sense of realism in his world-building.