Final answer:
Erikson's stage for children aged 3 to 5-6 years is 'Initiative versus Guilt.' Here, children begin to take on new challenges, lead others and make decisions. Success leads to a sense of purpose, while failure can result in feelings of guilt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The name of Erikson's stage for children aged 3 years to 5-6 years is Initiative versus Guilt. During this stage, children assert themselves more frequently through directing play and other social interaction. Erikson suggests that the psychosocial principle of this phase is about taking initiative. This is the period when children might try to take on responsibilities that are oftentimes beyond their capabilities. If a child is able to accomplish these tasks, they develop a sense of initiative and feel secure in their ability to lead others and make decisions. Conversely, if this tendency is squelched, through either criticism or control, children develop a sense of guilt. They may feel like a nuisance to others and will therefore remain followers, lacking in self-initiative.
At this stage in development, the crucial events are those that are focused on developing a sense of purpose and the ability to initiate and direct activities. Success at this stage leads to a sense of purpose, while failure results in a sense of guilt. Understanding their ability to collaborate with others, make plans, and achieve goals is essential for children in this stage, contributing to self-confidence.