Final answer:
Pharmacokinetics is the study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body. A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a device used to deliver medications directly into the lungs through inhalation. Proper use of an MDI involves shaking the inhaler, exhaling completely, inhaling deeply while pressing down on the canister, and coordinating the inhalation with the medication release.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pharmacokinetics is the study of how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated by the body. Routes of administration refer to the different ways in which drugs can be delivered to the body. A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) is a device used to deliver medications directly into the lungs through inhalation. It is commonly used for the treatment of respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When using an MDI, it is important to follow proper technique to ensure effective drug delivery. The medication is released as a fine mist, which is inhaled into the lungs. To use an MDI correctly, the patient should shake the inhaler, breathe out completely, place their lips tightly around the mouthpiece, and press down on the canister to release the medication while inhaling deeply. It is important to coordinate the activation of the inhaler with the inhalation to ensure proper drug deposition in the lungs. There are also different types of MDIs available, such as those with spacers or valved holding chambers, which can help improve drug delivery and reduce the risk of side effects. Spacers, for example, are used to improve the coordination of inhalation and medication release, especially in children or patients who have difficulty using the MDI without a spacer.