Final answer:
Hypervolemia is an increase in vascular volume due to conditions like heart failure, liver cirrhosis, and certain treatments, requiring reversal of the underlying issue to restore balance. Elevated blood pressure and risk of congestive heart failure are associated complications.
Step-by-step explanation:
The condition described by symptoms such as increased vascular volume due to rapid infusion of IV fluids, elevated blood pressure, jugular venous distension (JVD), rapid breathing, shortness of breath (SOB), tachycardia, the presence of rhonchi or rales, and greater fluid intake than urinary output is known as hypervolemia, which is an excessive fluid volume. Conditions that can lead to hypervolemia include heart failure, liver cirrhosis, certain kidney diseases, hyperaldosteronism, and glucocorticoid steroid treatments. To restore homeostasis and address hypervolemia, it is essential to reverse the underlying condition that triggered it. The blood volume and pressure may increase as a result of fluid retention and the production of vasoactive hormones. This can put individuals at risk of developing hypertension and further complications such as congestive heart failure and uremia.
On the other hand, the loss of blood may lead to another severe condition known as circulatory shock, particularly hypovolemic shock, which is life-threatening and characterized by an inability of the circulatory system to maintain blood flow for sufficient oxygen and nutrient supply to tissues.