Final answer:
The HUD-1 Settlement Statement is the document that provides an itemized list of the actual settlement charges of a loan in a real estate transaction, distinct from the Good Faith Estimate, Verification of Mortgage, and the involvement of Government-Sponsored Enterprises.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that tells a borrower what the "actual" settlement charges of the loan are is known as the HUD-1 Settlement Statement. This document provides an itemized listing of all the closing costs and fees associated with a real estate transaction. The Housing and Urban Development form (HUD-1) is used primarily for real estate transactions involving federally related mortgage loans. It is distinct from the Good Faith Estimate (GFE), which is an initial estimate of closing costs given to the borrower shortly after the application, and the Verification of Mortgage (VOM) which is a document verifying the borrower's mortgage history. Government-Sponsored Enterprises (GSEs), like Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, also play a role in the housing market but are not directly related to the closing statements of individual loans.