Final answer:
Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women are usually monitored with an annual ultrasound to ensure they remain stable in size and appearance. These cysts are typically harmless, but monitoring is important to rule out cancer or other issues. PCOS is a condition where multiple cysts occur due to unsuccessful ovulation, which is different from the occurrence of simple cysts.
Step-by-step explanation:
Simple ovarian cysts in postmenopausal women, ranging from 1 to 7 cm in size, are generally not a cause for immediate concern. These fluid-filled sacs often occur as part of the normal function of the ovary. The approach of monitoring ovarian cysts includes conducting an ultrasound screening annually to assess whether there is stability in terms of their size and appearance. This is essential to rule out the possibility of cancer or other complications that may necessitate surgical intervention.
In cases like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), multiple ovarian cysts are a characteristic symptom, along with elevated androgen levels and potential blood glucose abnormalities. While the presence of multiple cysts can signal PCOS, not all cysts lead to this diagnosis. The significant difference is that PCOS-associated cysts are a result of follicles that haven't successfully ovulated, whereas simple cysts do not indicate an underlying systemic condition like PCOS.
Understanding these differences and the benign nature of most simple ovarian cysts can help alleviate undue concern for those affected, particularly postmenopausal women. If symptoms present or changes occur in the ultrasound findings, medical advice should be sought to determine the appropriate course of action, which may include further diagnostic testing or treatment.