Final answer:
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are composed of minerals and are formed through processes involving cooling, accumulation, and transformation by heat and pressure, respectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are primarily composed of various minerals. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma or lava, resulting in minerals that crystallize and lock together. Some common examples of igneous rocks are basalt, obsidian, and granite. Sedimentary rocks are created from the accumulation of other rock fragments, which get cemented together or from precipitated minerals. Common sedimentary rocks include sandstones, shales, and limestones. Metamorphic rocks are formed when existing igneous or sedimentary rocks are transformed by intense heat and pressure, often creating a foliated pattern in the rock. Examples of metamorphic rocks include slate and marble.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are the three basic types of rocks found on Earth. Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools and solidifies, like basalt or granite. Sedimentary rocks form when broken pieces of other rocks are cemented together, such as sandstone or shale. Metamorphic rocks are pre-existing rocks that are altered by heat and pressure, resulting in a change in form and orientation of minerals.