Final answer:
The client can perform moderate intensity exercise without immediate need for medical exam or exercise test. However, for vigorous intensity exercise, a medical exam and exercise test are recommended, given her BMI and family history of diabetes.
Step-by-step explanation:
In assessing the client's risk stratification regarding her cardiorespiratory exercise program and the need for a medical exam and graded exercise test, we consider her gender, age, family history, BMI, current exercise regimen, and other relevant health metrics. Considering these factors, here are the recommendations:
A. the trainer can design a program with the client performing moderate intensity exercise, but a medical exam and exercise test would be recommended prior to vigorous-intensity exercise.
This is because the client is under 45, does not smoke, actively exercises, has a relatively high but not excessively high BMI, and her blood pressure and cholesterol levels are not indicative of immediate high risk. Her father's type 1 diabetes is non-preventable and genetically linked, but the mother's recent type 2 diagnosis, although a risk factor, does not necessitate immediate medical examination for moderate exercise. Vigorous exercise, however, could place additional stress on the body, and because of the client's family history and BMI, medical consultation to ensure safety is prudent before engaging in high-intensity activities.
It is worth noting that the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services recommends adults engage in at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week. Moderate activities are those during which a person could talk but not sing, while vigorous activities limit the ability to speak to short phrases due to the need to breathe more.