Final answer:
In agile development, Product Backlog Items (PBIs) are estimated by the development team using consensus-based techniques, and estimation is a critical skill in various disciplines.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the context of agile project management, specifically in frameworks like Scrum, Product Backlog Items (PBIs) are estimated by the development team. The team is responsible for assessing the effort, complexity, and size of PBIs during the Backlog Refinement or Sprint Planning meeting. Estimation techniques such as Planning Poker, T-shirt sizing, or the use of story points help ensure that each team member contributes to the discussion and arrives at a consensus.
Understanding significant figures and estimation is crucial in various disciplines, including project management. In mathematics, for instance, estimation may be required to understand a population size or the confidence interval and sample size in statistics. Similarly, in biology, scientists estimate the size of a mature mRNA in base pairs (bp). These concepts highlight the importance of estimation skills across multiple fields of study.