Final answer:
Plaque, or biofilm, initially contains a mixture of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. These microorganisms adhere to a surface and produce a slime layer that forms a colony. The biofilm provides a protected environment for the microorganisms, allowing them to resist host immune defenses and antibiotic treatments.
Step-by-step explanation:
Plaque, or biofilm, initially contains a mixture of microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and algae. These microorganisms adhere to a surface and produce a slime layer that forms a colony. The biofilm provides a protected environment for the microorganisms, allowing them to resist host immune defenses and antibiotic treatments.
For example, plaque forms on the teeth and can lead to dental and periodontal disease. Biofilms also form on medical devices and can cause infections in patients with catheters, prostheses, or contact lenses.