Final answer:
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is the jurisdictional data protection safeguard that protects health information (PHI), ensuring confidentiality in the management of patient records.
Step-by-step explanation:
The jurisdictional data protection safeguard that protected health information (PHI) is the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Passed into law in 1996, HIPAA sets the standards for the protection of patient information, requiring healthcare providers and businesses managing health data to maintain the confidentiality of patient records. While other data protection laws, such as the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), also provide significant protection of personal data, HIPAA specifically addresses the privacy and security of health information in the United States. Moreover, the legislation guards against the nonconsensual release of individually identifiable health information, benefiting not just the patients but also the healthcare providers from legal repercussions that could arise from the unauthorized sharing of PHI.