Question

*Protrusio Acetabuli*

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*1* Axial migration of femoral head with uniform loss of joint space.

*2* Unilateral causes are Paget's, Osteomalacia, RA, and trauma.

*3* Bilaterally most often occurs with Rheumatoid Arthritis resulting in Otto's Pelvis.
Also seen in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's, trauma, and idiopathic causes.

*4* The most common cause is trauma

*5* second is corticosteroid use,

*6* third is genetic/hereditary trait.

*7* On radiograph see obliteration of Kohler's teardrop.

Answer 1

Protrusio acetabuli involves the axial migration of the femoral head with uniform loss of joint space. Unilateral cases are associated with Paget's disease, osteomalacia, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and trauma. Bilateral protrusio acetabuli is commonly seen in rheumatoid arthritis, leading to Otto's pelvis, and can also occur in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, trauma, and idiopathic causes.

Trauma is the most common cause, followed by corticosteroid use and genetic/hereditary traits. Radiographically, obliteration of Kohler's teardrop is observed.

Step-by-step explanation:

Protrusio acetabuli is a condition characterized by the axial migration of the femoral head into the pelvic acetabulum, leading to a uniform loss of joint space. Unilateral cases are linked to various factors, including Paget's disease, osteomalacia, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and trauma.

Bilateral protrusio acetabuli is frequently associated with rheumatoid arthritis, resulting in a characteristic pelvic deformity known as Otto's pelvis. Additionally, bilateral cases can occur in osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget's disease, trauma, and idiopathic causes.

The most common cause of protrusio acetabuli is trauma, with fractures or injuries leading to the displacement of the femoral head into the acetabulum. Corticosteroid use is identified as the second most common cause, contributing to bone weakening.

Genetic or hereditary traits represent the third most common cause. Radiographically, protrusio acetabuli is visualized by the obliteration of Kohler's teardrop, a radiographic landmark that becomes distorted due to the abnormal positioning of the femoral head within the acetabulum.

In summary, understanding the etiology of protrusio acetabuli is crucial for accurate diagnosis and appropriate management. Trauma, corticosteroid use, and genetic factors play significant roles in the development of this condition, leading to distinct radiographic features. Recognizing these features aids healthcare professionals in formulating effective treatment plans and providing optimal care for individuals with protrusio acetabuli.