Final answer:
Instruments that measure and record data like temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen can be used to observe the rate of deep-water eddy formation, the numbers of major eddies, their movements, and their life spans.
Step-by-step explanation:
The rate of deep-water eddy formation, the numbers of major eddies, their movements, and their life spans can be observed by instruments that measure and record data such as temperature, pH, conductivity, and dissolved oxygen.
For example, oceanographic instruments like CTD profilers and current meters can be used to collect data and track the formation and movement of deep-water eddies. These instruments can measure parameters like temperature and salinity, which are important indicators of eddy formation.
By analyzing the collected data, scientists can study the characteristics and behavior of deep-water eddies, providing valuable insights into ocean circulation and climate patterns.